I have just added an Intel x550T2 10Gb NIC on my Debian 10 server, and noticed that I have a lot of rx_dropped errors. The card is on a correct PCIe extension slot (PCIe3.0 x8). At the moment, it is linked to a 1Gb switch which run perfect with the native onboard Intel i210 NICs. No drop or error on those ones.
Here is some info for the i210 NIC :
# ethtool -i enp35s0
driver: igb
version: 5.10.0-0.bpo.9-amd64
firmware-version: 3.16, 0x800004d6
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:23:00.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: yes
supports-eeprom-access: yes
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: yes
And for the x550 NIC now:
# ethtool -i enp1s0f0
driver: ixgbe
version: 5.10.0-0.bpo.9-amd64
firmware-version: 0x80000c67, 1.1276.0
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:01:00.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: yes
supports-eeprom-access: yes
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: yes
# ethtool -S enp1s0f0 | grep rx_dropped
rx_dropped: 238664
# ifconfig -a
enp1s0f0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
ether b4:96:91:8d:8f:c8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1146605303 bytes 1252350638244 (1.1 TiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 239154 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1237206229 bytes 1474837845271 (1.3 TiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp35s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether d0:50:99:d8:dd:5f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 128548674 bytes 92790323605 (86.4 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 4654 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 310482004 bytes 401876909266 (374.2 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device memory 0xf7500000-f757ffff
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 2768489 bytes 43506238580 (40.5 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 2768489 bytes 43506238580 (40.5 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
I have already tried to max the buffer ring but still have the error:
# ethtool -g enp1s0f0
Ring parameters for enp1s0f0:
Pre-set maximums:
RX: 4096
RX Mini: 0
RX Jumbo: 0
TX: 4096
Current hardware settings:
RX: 1024
RX Mini: 0
RX Jumbo: 0
TX: 1024
# ethtool -G enp1s0f0 rx 4096 tx 4096
# ethtool -g enp1s0f0
Ring parameters for enp1s0f0:
Pre-set maximums:
RX: 4096
RX Mini: 0
RX Jumbo: 0
TX: 4096
Current hardware settings:
RX: 4096
RX Mini: 0
RX Jumbo: 0
TX: 4096
OK... more tests.
I just plugged both second i210 and x550 NIC with some other cables to the switch (Netgear GS108e).
Done some iPerf tests with all the NICs...
Connecting to host 192.168.1.100, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.1.31 port 63926 connected to 192.168.1.100 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 111 MBytes 928 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 940 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 4.00-5.00 sec 109 MBytes 911 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 5.00-6.00 sec 108 MBytes 904 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 6.00-7.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 7.00-8.00 sec 112 MBytes 940 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 8.00-9.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 9.00-10.00 sec 110 MBytes 919 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 10.00-11.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 11.00-12.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 12.00-13.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 13.00-14.00 sec 112 MBytes 936 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 14.00-15.00 sec 112 MBytes 939 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 15.00-16.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 16.00-17.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 17.00-18.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 18.00-19.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 19.00-20.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-20.00 sec 2.18 GBytes 935 Mbits/sec sender
[ 4] 0.00-20.00 sec 2.18 GBytes 935 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
Connecting to host 192.168.1.200, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.1.31 port 63921 connected to 192.168.1.200 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 111 MBytes 933 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 940 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 940 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 4.00-5.00 sec 111 MBytes 933 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 5.00-6.00 sec 111 MBytes 930 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 6.00-7.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 7.00-8.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 8.00-9.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 9.00-10.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 10.00-11.00 sec 109 MBytes 914 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 11.00-12.00 sec 112 MBytes 940 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 12.00-13.00 sec 112 MBytes 938 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 13.00-14.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 14.00-15.00 sec 112 MBytes 936 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 15.00-16.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 16.00-17.00 sec 112 MBytes 938 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 17.00-18.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 18.00-19.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 19.00-20.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-20.00 sec 2.18 GBytes 937 Mbits/sec sender
[ 4] 0.00-20.00 sec 2.18 GBytes 937 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
Guest what ? There are drop packets on every NIC !
# ifconfig -a
enp1s0f0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether b4:96:91:8d:8f:c8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1151051611 bytes 1252669838122 (1.1 TiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 239910 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1255759988 bytes 1492773432922 (1.3 TiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp1s0f1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether b4:96:91:8d:8f:c9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1385 bytes 278792 (272.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 258 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 68 bytes 14914 (14.5 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp35s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
ether d0:50:99:d8:dd:5f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 163831215 bytes 103267767777 (96.1 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 8634 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 391577507 bytes 511527961464 (476.3 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device memory 0xf7500000-f757ffff
enp36s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.200 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
ether d0:50:99:d8:dd:60 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1706 bytes 253758 (247.8 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 102 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 45 bytes 12656 (12.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device memory 0xf7400000-f747ffff
So :
It's probably not the cables (all the cables are directly connected to the switch), It's probably not the NICs, as 2 are on the motherboard (ASRock Rack x470D4U) and 2 are on the PCie x550T2 Card, Switch ? Server configuration... maybe/maybe not ?
Here is the result of the command asked. It drops 1 or 2 packets every second, under load or not. Don't think it's linked to the traffic. Just tried a tcpdump with wireshark but I'm don't know enough about network and packets to find those packets and where they come from
# ethtool -S enp1s0f0
NIC statistics:
rx_packets: 409237588
tx_packets: 1075009015
rx_bytes: 177473575288
tx_bytes: 1263310826660
rx_pkts_nic: 409228445
tx_pkts_nic: 1074969396
rx_bytes_nic: 179109854075
tx_bytes_nic: 1267596999232
lsc_int: 24
tx_busy: 0
non_eop_descs: 0
rx_errors: 0
tx_errors: 0
rx_dropped: 223170
tx_dropped: 0
multicast: 42561
broadcast: 264995
rx_no_buffer_count: 0
collisions: 0
rx_over_errors: 0
rx_crc_errors: 0
rx_frame_errors: 0
hw_rsc_aggregated: 0
hw_rsc_flushed: 0
fdir_match: 317742293
fdir_miss: 91206754
fdir_overflow: 80
rx_fifo_errors: 0
rx_missed_errors: 0
tx_aborted_errors: 0
tx_carrier_errors: 0
tx_fifo_errors: 0
tx_heartbeat_errors: 0
tx_timeout_count: 0
tx_restart_queue: 0
rx_length_errors: 0
rx_long_length_errors: 0
rx_short_length_errors: 0
tx_flow_control_xon: 0
rx_flow_control_xon: 0
tx_flow_control_xoff: 0
rx_flow_control_xoff: 0
rx_csum_offload_errors: 3360
alloc_rx_page: 3189180
alloc_rx_page_failed: 0
alloc_rx_buff_failed: 0
rx_no_dma_resources: 0
os2bmc_rx_by_bmc: 0
os2bmc_tx_by_bmc: 0
os2bmc_tx_by_host: 0
os2bmc_rx_by_host: 0
tx_hwtstamp_timeouts: 0
tx_hwtstamp_skipped: 0
rx_hwtstamp_cleared: 0
tx_ipsec: 0
rx_ipsec: 0
fcoe_bad_fccrc: 0
rx_fcoe_dropped: 0
rx_fcoe_packets: 0
rx_fcoe_dwords: 0
fcoe_noddp: 0
fcoe_noddp_ext_buff: 0
tx_fcoe_packets: 0
tx_fcoe_dwords: 0
tx_queue_0_packets: 74036009
tx_queue_0_bytes: 88586204439
tx_queue_1_packets: 80720857
tx_queue_1_bytes: 95762098192
tx_queue_2_packets: 79235034
tx_queue_2_bytes: 94041578505
tx_queue_3_packets: 123318040
tx_queue_3_bytes: 137970928742
tx_queue_4_packets: 106181552
tx_queue_4_bytes: 123073004110
tx_queue_5_packets: 99889184
tx_queue_5_bytes: 116673367186
tx_queue_6_packets: 78150254
tx_queue_6_bytes: 93047598926
tx_queue_7_packets: 75574096
tx_queue_7_bytes: 89970346004
tx_queue_8_packets: 69957159
tx_queue_8_bytes: 83610931698
tx_queue_9_packets: 95301527
tx_queue_9_bytes: 112400389659
tx_queue_10_packets: 95414279
tx_queue_10_bytes: 112725481253
tx_queue_11_packets: 97231024
tx_queue_11_bytes: 115448897946
tx_queue_12_packets: 0
tx_queue_12_bytes: 0
tx_queue_13_packets: 0
tx_queue_13_bytes: 0
tx_queue_14_packets: 0
tx_queue_14_bytes: 0
tx_queue_15_packets: 0
tx_queue_15_bytes: 0
tx_queue_16_packets: 0
tx_queue_16_bytes: 0
tx_queue_17_packets: 0
tx_queue_17_bytes: 0
tx_queue_18_packets: 0
tx_queue_18_bytes: 0
tx_queue_19_packets: 0
tx_queue_19_bytes: 0
tx_queue_20_packets: 0
tx_queue_20_bytes: 0
tx_queue_21_packets: 0
tx_queue_21_bytes: 0
tx_queue_22_packets: 0
tx_queue_22_bytes: 0
tx_queue_23_packets: 0
tx_queue_23_bytes: 0
tx_queue_24_packets: 0
tx_queue_24_bytes: 0
tx_queue_25_packets: 0
tx_queue_25_bytes: 0
tx_queue_26_packets: 0
tx_queue_26_bytes: 0
tx_queue_27_packets: 0
tx_queue_27_bytes: 0
tx_queue_28_packets: 0
tx_queue_28_bytes: 0
tx_queue_29_packets: 0
tx_queue_29_bytes: 0
tx_queue_30_packets: 0
tx_queue_30_bytes: 0
tx_queue_31_packets: 0
tx_queue_31_bytes: 0
tx_queue_32_packets: 0
tx_queue_32_bytes: 0
tx_queue_33_packets: 0
tx_queue_33_bytes: 0
tx_queue_34_packets: 0
tx_queue_34_bytes: 0
tx_queue_35_packets: 0
tx_queue_35_bytes: 0
tx_queue_36_packets: 0
tx_queue_36_bytes: 0
tx_queue_37_packets: 0
tx_queue_37_bytes: 0
tx_queue_38_packets: 0
tx_queue_38_bytes: 0
tx_queue_39_packets: 0
tx_queue_39_bytes: 0
tx_queue_40_packets: 0
tx_queue_40_bytes: 0
tx_queue_41_packets: 0
tx_queue_41_bytes: 0
tx_queue_42_packets: 0
tx_queue_42_bytes: 0
tx_queue_43_packets: 0
tx_queue_43_bytes: 0
tx_queue_44_packets: 0
tx_queue_44_bytes: 0
tx_queue_45_packets: 0
tx_queue_45_bytes: 0
tx_queue_46_packets: 0
tx_queue_46_bytes: 0
tx_queue_47_packets: 0
tx_queue_47_bytes: 0
tx_queue_48_packets: 0
tx_queue_48_bytes: 0
tx_queue_49_packets: 0
tx_queue_49_bytes: 0
tx_queue_50_packets: 0
tx_queue_50_bytes: 0
tx_queue_51_packets: 0
tx_queue_51_bytes: 0
tx_queue_52_packets: 0
tx_queue_52_bytes: 0
tx_queue_53_packets: 0
tx_queue_53_bytes: 0
tx_queue_54_packets: 0
tx_queue_54_bytes: 0
tx_queue_55_packets: 0
tx_queue_55_bytes: 0
tx_queue_56_packets: 0
tx_queue_56_bytes: 0
tx_queue_57_packets: 0
tx_queue_57_bytes: 0
tx_queue_58_packets: 0
tx_queue_58_bytes: 0
tx_queue_59_packets: 0
tx_queue_59_bytes: 0
tx_queue_60_packets: 0
tx_queue_60_bytes: 0
tx_queue_61_packets: 0
tx_queue_61_bytes: 0
tx_queue_62_packets: 0
tx_queue_62_bytes: 0
tx_queue_63_packets: 0
tx_queue_63_bytes: 0
rx_queue_0_packets: 29057648
rx_queue_0_bytes: 13104849941
rx_queue_1_packets: 26822820
rx_queue_1_bytes: 11818472270
rx_queue_2_packets: 26597646
rx_queue_2_bytes: 10723639020
rx_queue_3_packets: 60978762
rx_queue_3_bytes: 20890319775
rx_queue_4_packets: 33801309
rx_queue_4_bytes: 16858301557
rx_queue_5_packets: 34807507
rx_queue_5_bytes: 17466548842
rx_queue_6_packets: 32378144
rx_queue_6_bytes: 12435614922
rx_queue_7_packets: 32146268
rx_queue_7_bytes: 11553792114
rx_queue_8_packets: 25931411
rx_queue_8_bytes: 11173658863
rx_queue_9_packets: 37015008
rx_queue_9_bytes: 19310784393
rx_queue_10_packets: 33071252
rx_queue_10_bytes: 16248791562
rx_queue_11_packets: 36629813
rx_queue_11_bytes: 15888802029
rx_queue_12_packets: 0
rx_queue_12_bytes: 0
rx_queue_13_packets: 0
rx_queue_13_bytes: 0
rx_queue_14_packets: 0
rx_queue_14_bytes: 0
rx_queue_15_packets: 0
rx_queue_15_bytes: 0
rx_queue_16_packets: 0
rx_queue_16_bytes: 0
rx_queue_17_packets: 0
rx_queue_17_bytes: 0
rx_queue_18_packets: 0
rx_queue_18_bytes: 0
rx_queue_19_packets: 0
rx_queue_19_bytes: 0
rx_queue_20_packets: 0
rx_queue_20_bytes: 0
rx_queue_21_packets: 0
rx_queue_21_bytes: 0
rx_queue_22_packets: 0
rx_queue_22_bytes: 0
rx_queue_23_packets: 0
rx_queue_23_bytes: 0
rx_queue_24_packets: 0
rx_queue_24_bytes: 0
rx_queue_25_packets: 0
rx_queue_25_bytes: 0
rx_queue_26_packets: 0
rx_queue_26_bytes: 0
rx_queue_27_packets: 0
rx_queue_27_bytes: 0
rx_queue_28_packets: 0
rx_queue_28_bytes: 0
rx_queue_29_packets: 0
rx_queue_29_bytes: 0
rx_queue_30_packets: 0
rx_queue_30_bytes: 0
rx_queue_31_packets: 0
rx_queue_31_bytes: 0
rx_queue_32_packets: 0
rx_queue_32_bytes: 0
rx_queue_33_packets: 0
rx_queue_33_bytes: 0
rx_queue_34_packets: 0
rx_queue_34_bytes: 0
rx_queue_35_packets: 0
rx_queue_35_bytes: 0
rx_queue_36_packets: 0
rx_queue_36_bytes: 0
rx_queue_37_packets: 0
rx_queue_37_bytes: 0
rx_queue_38_packets: 0
rx_queue_38_bytes: 0
rx_queue_39_packets: 0
rx_queue_39_bytes: 0
rx_queue_40_packets: 0
rx_queue_40_bytes: 0
rx_queue_41_packets: 0
rx_queue_41_bytes: 0
rx_queue_42_packets: 0
rx_queue_42_bytes: 0
rx_queue_43_packets: 0
rx_queue_43_bytes: 0
rx_queue_44_packets: 0
rx_queue_44_bytes: 0
rx_queue_45_packets: 0
rx_queue_45_bytes: 0
rx_queue_46_packets: 0
rx_queue_46_bytes: 0
rx_queue_47_packets: 0
rx_queue_47_bytes: 0
rx_queue_48_packets: 0
rx_queue_48_bytes: 0
rx_queue_49_packets: 0
rx_queue_49_bytes: 0
rx_queue_50_packets: 0
rx_queue_50_bytes: 0
rx_queue_51_packets: 0
rx_queue_51_bytes: 0
rx_queue_52_packets: 0
rx_queue_52_bytes: 0
rx_queue_53_packets: 0
rx_queue_53_bytes: 0
rx_queue_54_packets: 0
rx_queue_54_bytes: 0
rx_queue_55_packets: 0
rx_queue_55_bytes: 0
rx_queue_56_packets: 0
rx_queue_56_bytes: 0
rx_queue_57_packets: 0
rx_queue_57_bytes: 0
rx_queue_58_packets: 0
rx_queue_58_bytes: 0
rx_queue_59_packets: 0
rx_queue_59_bytes: 0
rx_queue_60_packets: 0
rx_queue_60_bytes: 0
rx_queue_61_packets: 0
rx_queue_61_bytes: 0
rx_queue_62_packets: 0
rx_queue_62_bytes: 0
rx_queue_63_packets: 0
rx_queue_63_bytes: 0
tx_pb_0_pxon: 0
tx_pb_0_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_1_pxon: 0
tx_pb_1_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_2_pxon: 0
tx_pb_2_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_3_pxon: 0
tx_pb_3_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_4_pxon: 0
tx_pb_4_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_5_pxon: 0
tx_pb_5_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_6_pxon: 0
tx_pb_6_pxoff: 0
tx_pb_7_pxon: 0
tx_pb_7_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_0_pxon: 0
rx_pb_0_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_1_pxon: 0
rx_pb_1_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_2_pxon: 0
rx_pb_2_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_3_pxon: 0
rx_pb_3_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_4_pxon: 0
rx_pb_4_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_5_pxon: 0
rx_pb_5_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_6_pxon: 0
rx_pb_6_pxoff: 0
rx_pb_7_pxon: 0
rx_pb_7_pxoff: 0
To complete, I've tried the 'ethtool -d' command 2 times within 10s, and diff the results.
# ethtool -d enp1s0f0 > /tmp/dump1.log
# ethtool -d enp1s0f0 > /tmp/dump2.log
# diff /tmp/dump1.log /tmp/dump2.log
34c34
< 0x00048: FRTIMER (Free Running Timer) 0x6E89EE7A
---
> 0x00048: FRTIMER (Free Running Timer) 0x6F24AD04
47c47
< 0x00808: EICS (Extended Interrupt Cause Set) 0x00000000
---
> 0x00808: EICS (Extended Interrupt Cause Set) 0x00000010
52c52
< 0x00820: EITR0 (Extended Interrupt Throttle 0) 0x00000038
---
> 0x00820: EITR0 (Extended Interrupt Throttle 0) 0x00000028
272,283c272,283
< 0x01010: RDH00 (Receive Descriptor Head 00) 0x000002AA
< 0x01050: RDH01 (Receive Descriptor Head 01) 0x0000015B
< 0x01090: RDH02 (Receive Descriptor Head 02) 0x000003BE
< 0x010D0: RDH03 (Receive Descriptor Head 03) 0x00000227
< 0x01110: RDH04 (Receive Descriptor Head 04) 0x000000F9
< 0x01150: RDH05 (Receive Descriptor Head 05) 0x00000376
< 0x01190: RDH06 (Receive Descriptor Head 06) 0x000000DD
< 0x011D0: RDH07 (Receive Descriptor Head 07) 0x0000027D
< 0x01210: RDH08 (Receive Descriptor Head 08) 0x00000005
< 0x01250: RDH09 (Receive Descriptor Head 09) 0x000003B7
< 0x01290: RDH10 (Receive Descriptor Head 10) 0x0000015F
< 0x012D0: RDH11 (Receive Descriptor Head 11) 0x00000269
---
> 0x01010: RDH00 (Receive Descriptor Head 00) 0x00000215
> 0x01050: RDH01 (Receive Descriptor Head 01) 0x000001A0
> 0x01090: RDH02 (Receive Descriptor Head 02) 0x00000031
> 0x010D0: RDH03 (Receive Descriptor Head 03) 0x000001F2
> 0x01110: RDH04 (Receive Descriptor Head 04) 0x000000F8
> 0x01150: RDH05 (Receive Descriptor Head 05) 0x00000199
> 0x01190: RDH06 (Receive Descriptor Head 06) 0x000001B8
> 0x011D0: RDH07 (Receive Descriptor Head 07) 0x000002A0
> 0x01210: RDH08 (Receive Descriptor Head 08) 0x000002ED
> 0x01250: RDH09 (Receive Descriptor Head 09) 0x00000173
> 0x01290: RDH10 (Receive Descriptor Head 10) 0x000001A5
> 0x012D0: RDH11 (Receive Descriptor Head 11) 0x0000029D
336,339c336,339
< 0x01018: RDT00 (Receive Descriptor Tail 00) 0x0000029F
< 0x01058: RDT01 (Receive Descriptor Tail 01) 0x0000014F
< 0x01098: RDT02 (Receive Descriptor Tail 02) 0x000003AF
< 0x010D8: RDT03 (Receive Descriptor Tail 03) 0x0000021F
---
> 0x01018: RDT00 (Receive Descriptor Tail 00) 0x0000020F
> 0x01058: RDT01 (Receive Descriptor Tail 01) 0x0000019F
> 0x01098: RDT02 (Receive Descriptor Tail 02) 0x0000002F
> 0x010D8: RDT03 (Receive Descriptor Tail 03) 0x000001EF
341,347c341,347
< 0x01158: RDT05 (Receive Descriptor Tail 05) 0x0000036F
< 0x01198: RDT06 (Receive Descriptor Tail 06) 0x000000CF
< 0x011D8: RDT07 (Receive Descriptor Tail 07) 0x0000026F
< 0x01218: RDT08 (Receive Descriptor Tail 08) 0x000003FF
< 0x01258: RDT09 (Receive Descriptor Tail 09) 0x000003AF
< 0x01298: RDT10 (Receive Descriptor Tail 10) 0x0000014F
< 0x012D8: RDT11 (Receive Descriptor Tail 11) 0x0000025F
---
> 0x01158: RDT05 (Receive Descriptor Tail 05) 0x0000018F
> 0x01198: RDT06 (Receive Descriptor Tail 06) 0x000001AF
> 0x011D8: RDT07 (Receive Descriptor Tail 07) 0x0000029F
> 0x01218: RDT08 (Receive Descriptor Tail 08) 0x000002DF
> 0x01258: RDT09 (Receive Descriptor Tail 09) 0x0000016F
> 0x01298: RDT10 (Receive Descriptor Tail 10) 0x0000019F
> 0x012D8: RDT11 (Receive Descriptor Tail 11) 0x0000028F
657,668c657,668
< 0x06010: TDH00 (Transmit Descriptor Head 00) 0x00000338
< 0x06050: TDH01 (Transmit Descriptor Head 01) 0x000003BD
< 0x06090: TDH02 (Transmit Descriptor Head 02) 0x0000030C
< 0x060D0: TDH03 (Transmit Descriptor Head 03) 0x00000272
< 0x06110: TDH04 (Transmit Descriptor Head 04) 0x000001B2
< 0x06150: TDH05 (Transmit Descriptor Head 05) 0x000002A7
< 0x06190: TDH06 (Transmit Descriptor Head 06) 0x00000323
< 0x061D0: TDH07 (Transmit Descriptor Head 07) 0x000003D9
< 0x06210: TDH08 (Transmit Descriptor Head 08) 0x000003F5
< 0x06250: TDH09 (Transmit Descriptor Head 09) 0x000003C1
< 0x06290: TDH10 (Transmit Descriptor Head 10) 0x000000BD
< 0x062D0: TDH11 (Transmit Descriptor Head 11) 0x000000FC
---
> 0x06010: TDH00 (Transmit Descriptor Head 00) 0x00000373
> 0x06050: TDH01 (Transmit Descriptor Head 01) 0x0000003D
> 0x06090: TDH02 (Transmit Descriptor Head 02) 0x00000088
> 0x060D0: TDH03 (Transmit Descriptor Head 03) 0x00000000
> 0x06110: TDH04 (Transmit Descriptor Head 04) 0x000000D0
> 0x06150: TDH05 (Transmit Descriptor Head 05) 0x00000337
> 0x06190: TDH06 (Transmit Descriptor Head 06) 0x000000B3
> 0x061D0: TDH07 (Transmit Descriptor Head 07) 0x00000010
> 0x06210: TDH08 (Transmit Descriptor Head 08) 0x00000041
> 0x06250: TDH09 (Transmit Descriptor Head 09) 0x0000003D
> 0x06290: TDH10 (Transmit Descriptor Head 10) 0x000000FD
> 0x062D0: TDH11 (Transmit Descriptor Head 11) 0x00000137
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< 0x06298: TDT10 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 10) 0x000000BD
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---
> 0x06018: TDT00 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 00) 0x00000373
> 0x06058: TDT01 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 01) 0x0000003D
> 0x06098: TDT02 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 02) 0x00000088
> 0x060D8: TDT03 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 03) 0x00000000
> 0x06118: TDT04 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 04) 0x000000D0
> 0x06158: TDT05 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 05) 0x00000337
> 0x06198: TDT06 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 06) 0x000000B3
> 0x061D8: TDT07 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 07) 0x00000010
> 0x06218: TDT08 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 08) 0x00000041
> 0x06258: TDT09 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 09) 0x0000003D
> 0x06298: TDT10 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 10) 0x000000FD
> 0x062D8: TDT11 (Transmit Descriptor Tail 11) 0x00000137
947,957c947,957
< 0x0405C: prc64 (Packets Received (64B) Count) 0x094266A4
< 0x04060: prc127 (Packets Rx (65-127B) Count) 0x0D5353E1
< 0x04064: prc255 (Packets Rx (128-255B) Count) 0x003E3D72
< 0x04068: prc511 (Packets Rx (256-511B) Count) 0x002280C3
< 0x0406C: prc1023 (Packets Rx (512-1023B) Count) 0x011AAE03
< 0x04070: prc1522 (Packets Rx (1024-Max) Count) 0x17947BDE
< 0x04074: gprc (Good Packets Received Count) 0x2FA5A298
< 0x04078: bprc (Broadcast Packets Rx Count) 0x00087B71
< 0x0407C: mprc (Multicast Packets Rx Count) 0x00012C8B
< 0x04080: gptc (Good Packets Transmitted Count) 0x5BE951AE
< 0x04088: gorcl (Good Octets Rx Count Low) 0xE9CD4970
---
> 0x0405C: prc64 (Packets Received (64B) Count) 0x0942693B
> 0x04060: prc127 (Packets Rx (65-127B) Count) 0x0D5355F2
> 0x04064: prc255 (Packets Rx (128-255B) Count) 0x003E3DA3
> 0x04068: prc511 (Packets Rx (256-511B) Count) 0x002280DA
> 0x0406C: prc1023 (Packets Rx (512-1023B) Count) 0x011AAE56
> 0x04070: prc1522 (Packets Rx (1024-Max) Count) 0x17947F30
> 0x04074: gprc (Good Packets Received Count) 0x2FA5AB2D
> 0x04078: bprc (Broadcast Packets Rx Count) 0x00087B79
> 0x0407C: mprc (Multicast Packets Rx Count) 0x00012C8C
> 0x04080: gptc (Good Packets Transmitted Count) 0x5BE95883
> 0x04088: gorcl (Good Octets Rx Count Low) 0xE9E2F9E4
959c959
< 0x04090: gotcl (Good Octets Tx Count Low) 0x4E694ED0
---
> 0x04090: gotcl (Good Octets Tx Count Low) 0x4E7EC1B2
976c976
< 0x040C0: torl (Total Octets Rx Count Low) 0xE9D04842
---
> 0x040C0: torl (Total Octets Rx Count Low) 0xE9E5F8B6
978c978
< 0x040D0: tpr (Total Packets Received) 0x2FA5AADE
---
> 0x040D0: tpr (Total Packets Received) 0x2FA5B373
980,987c980,987
< 0x040D8: ptc64 (Packets Tx (64B) Count) 0x018F18A2
< 0x040DC: ptc127 (Packets Tx (65-127B) Count) 0x03725BF6
< 0x040E0: ptc255 (Packets Tx (128-255B) Count) 0x003EE0ED
< 0x040E4: ptc511 (Packets Tx (256-511B) Count) 0x0023D18D
< 0x040E8: ptc1023 (Packets Tx (512-1023B) Count) 0x14F09ABF
< 0x040EC: ptc1522 (Packets Tx (1024-Max) Count) 0x41948FDD
< 0x040F0: mptc (Multicast Packets Tx Count) 0x000158F4
< 0x040F4: bptc (Broadcast Packets Tx Count) 0x0003082C
---
> 0x040D8: ptc64 (Packets Tx (64B) Count) 0x018F1A34
> 0x040DC: ptc127 (Packets Tx (65-127B) Count) 0x03725CD9
> 0x040E0: ptc255 (Packets Tx (128-255B) Count) 0x003EE10B
> 0x040E4: ptc511 (Packets Tx (256-511B) Count) 0x0023D1A7
> 0x040E8: ptc1023 (Packets Tx (512-1023B) Count) 0x14F09ACC
> 0x040EC: ptc1522 (Packets Tx (1024-Max) Count) 0x419493F8
> 0x040F0: mptc (Multicast Packets Tx Count) 0x000158F7
> 0x040F4: bptc (Broadcast Packets Tx Count) 0x0003082E
989c989
< 0x01030: qprc00 (Queue Packets Rx Count 00) 0x2FA5A23B
---
> 0x01030: qprc00 (Queue Packets Rx Count 00) 0x2FA5AAD0
1005c1005
< 0x06030: qptc00 (Queue Packets Tx Count 00) 0x5BE951AC
---
> 0x06030: qptc00 (Queue Packets Tx Count 00) 0x5BE95881
1021c1021
< 0x01034: qbrc00 (Queue Bytes Rx Count 00) 0x2B367A72
---
> 0x01034: qbrc00 (Queue Bytes Rx Count 00) 0x2B4C0892
1037c1037
< 0x06034: qbtc00 (Queue Bytes Tx Count 00) 0xD56ADC09
---
> 0x06034: qbtc00 (Queue Bytes Tx Count 00) 0xD5802A3E
> Blockquote
คนส่วนใหญ่ไม่เข้าใจว่าการถามคำถามมากมายจะปลดล็อกการเรียนรู้และปรับปรุงความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างบุคคล ตัวอย่างเช่น ในการศึกษาของ Alison แม้ว่าผู้คนจะจำได้อย่างแม่นยำว่ามีคำถามกี่ข้อที่ถูกถามในการสนทนา แต่พวกเขาไม่เข้าใจความเชื่อมโยงระหว่างคำถามและความชอบ จากการศึกษาทั้ง 4 เรื่องที่ผู้เข้าร่วมมีส่วนร่วมในการสนทนาด้วยตนเองหรืออ่านบันทึกการสนทนาของผู้อื่น ผู้คนมักไม่ตระหนักว่าการถามคำถามจะมีอิทธิพลหรือมีอิทธิพลต่อระดับมิตรภาพระหว่างผู้สนทนา
